Were there any other instruments? There is at least one mole found in the Marsoulas cave in Haute-Garonne, southern France, dating back about 20,000 years to BP. Shell is a hard material that survives the centuries, and although we have so far only one example of the Upper Paleolithic, we have a very large number of Neolithic, some of them much further from the sea. It is therefore right to accept an ongoing commitment (Montagu, in the press).2 What about animal horns? Here, the material is soft, and only in very dry conditions as the desert sands survive at all; None of those I`ve heard or seen were blowing horns, but it seems likely they existed. To blow, the horn must naturally be hollow, such as that of the family of cows, sheep and goats, antelopes, elephant tusks, hollow wood, gourds and large cores, the tip being broken or cut or a hole drilled on the side; Such were certainly blown in high antiquity (Montagu, 2014). There are several bulldozers of the Magdalenian era who we can be sure were instruments. There are many Phalange whistles later than the Mousterian mentioned above. There are scratches, usually dirty bones along their length, that would have been scraped with another bone or stone for rhythmic music. This scale, called large size because of the large (or large) third-rate that separates the first and third heights, is distinguished mainly from the small scale by the fact that it contains a small (or small) third at this location. As the music of the Western repertoire recognizes three variants of the miner scale, it is important to note that they share this small interval between their first and third heights.
Should the sound be organized? I thought it was necessary, and yet a series of disorganized sounds can create a sense of fear or warning. Again, I have to insert a personal explanation: I am what is called an ethno-organologist; My work is the study of musical instruments (organology) and around the world (hence the ethno-, as in ethno-musicology, the study of music around the world). To take a single example of an instrument, the ratchet or rattle, a blade, usually made of wood, hit the teeth of a toothed wheel, as the blade rotates around the handle that holds the gear. This instrument is used by masses in sports games of all kinds; It is used by farmers to scare birds from crops; it was used and is used by the Roman Catholic Church during Holy Week, when the bells “go to Rome to be blessed” (they don`t really go, of course, but they are silenced for this week); It was presented by Beethoven as a muskeat in his so-called Battle Symphony, a work that was called the Victory of Wellington or the Battle of Vittoria, Op.91, and was originally written for Maelzel`s huge musical box, the Panharmonicon. Beethoven also played it for live orchestral performances and is now often heard in our concert halls “with gun and mortar effects” to attract people to popular concerts.
